Is a heat pump cheaper than gas in Virginia?
South · Mixed (e.g. Mid-Atlantic, Pacific NW, lower Midwest) · EIA residential fuel prices
For a reference 2,000 sq ft home in Virginia (assumed seasonal COP 2.8, 95% gas furnace), a heat pump costs about $642/year to run versus about $685/year for natural gas — so a heat pump is cheaper to run than a gas furnace by about $43/yr. It is cheaper than propane ($1,502/yr), cheaper than heating oil ($1,577/yr), and far cheaper than electric resistance ($1,799/yr). The cheapest option here is heat pump. These are estimates — verify with an HVAC pro.
Source: EIA Electric Power Monthly, Table 5.6.A (residential). Data as of June 2026.
Virginia residential fuel prices
| Fuel | Residential price | Source / period |
|---|---|---|
| Electricity (residential) | 17.05¢/kWh | EIA, March 2026 |
| Natural gas (residential) | $1.808/therm | EIA, March 2026 |
| Heating oil (residential) | $5.156/gal | EIA, Lower Atlantic (PADD 1C) |
| Propane (residential) | $3.512/gal | EIA, Lower Atlantic (PADD 1C) |
Source: EIA (electricity, natural gas, heating oil & propane). Data as of June 2026.
Virginia residential natural gas is $18.75/Mcf (about $1.808/therm), EIA March 2026. Heating oil and propane are EIA residential prices for Lower Atlantic (PADD 1C) (Week ending 2026-03-30) — EIA does not publish these per individual state.
Annual heating cost in Virginia — every system compared
Reference: a 2,000 sq ft home in a mixed (e.g. mid-atlantic, pacific nw, lower midwest), roughly 36 MMBTU/year of useful heat. Energy cost only (no equipment, install or maintenance):
| Heating system | Annual energy cost | Annual use |
|---|---|---|
| Heat pump | $642/yr | 3,768 kWh |
| Natural gas furnace (95% AFUE) | $685/yr | 379 therms |
| Propane furnace (92% AFUE) | $1,502/yr | 428 gal |
| Heating oil (85% AFUE) | $1,577/yr | 306 gal |
| Electric resistance (baseboard, COP 1.0) | $1,799/yr | 10,551 kWh |
Source: EIA fuel prices + ENERGY STAR energy conversions. Data as of June 2026.
Cheapest to run in this reference case: Heat pump. Run your own home size, COP and prices.
Heat pump vs each fuel in Virginia
| Comparison | Heat pump | Other system | Heat-pump result |
|---|---|---|---|
| vs natural gas (95% AFUE) | $642 | $685 | Saves $43/yr |
| vs propane (92% AFUE) | $642 | $1,502 | Saves $859/yr |
| vs heating oil (85% AFUE) | $642 | $1,577 | Saves $934/yr |
| vs electric resistance (COP 1.0) | $642 | $1,799 | Saves $1,156/yr |
How Virginia compares with similar states
The five states with the closest electricity price to Virginia, and how heat-pump-vs-gas savings look there:
| State | Electricity ¢/kWh | Heat-pump vs gas (ref. home) |
|---|---|---|
| Virginia (this state) | 17.05¢ | Saves $43/yr |
| Alabama | 17.15¢ | Saves $38/yr |
| Colorado | 16.74¢ | $483/yr more |
| Delaware | 17.64¢ | $38/yr more |
| South Carolina | 16.45¢ | Saves $23/yr |
| Texas | 16.39¢ | Saves $159/yr |
Frequently asked questions
Is a heat pump cheaper to run than gas in Virginia?
Yes, in this reference case. For a 2,000 sq ft home in Virginia (assumed seasonal COP 2.8, 95% gas furnace), a heat pump costs about $642/year vs about $685/year for gas - a saving of roughly $43/year. Your result depends on your home, equipment and the actual winter.
What does it cost to heat a home in Virginia?
Using EIA March 2026 prices and a 2,000 sq ft home in a mixed (e.g. mid-atlantic, pacific nw, lower midwest) (about 36 MMBTU/yr), estimated annual energy cost is about: heat pump $642, natural gas $685, propane $1,502, heating oil $1,577, electric resistance $1,799. The cheapest here is heat pump.
Is a heat pump cheaper than propane or heating oil in Virginia?
In this reference case, vs propane a heat pump saves about $859/year, and vs heating oil it saves about $934/year. Heat pumps usually beat both delivered fuels comfortably because they deliver far more heat per unit of energy.
How does Virginia rank for heat-pump savings?
On heat-pump savings vs a gas furnace (reference 2,000 sq ft home), Virginia ranks #14 of 51 states (1 = saves the most). This reflects Virginia's mix of 17.05¢/kWh electricity and $1.808/therm gas.
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Sources & accuracy
Electricity: EIA Electric Power Monthly, Table 5.6.A (residential) (March 2026); natural gas: EIA residential price (March 2026); heating oil & propane: EIA Heating Oil and Propane Update (Lower Atlantic (PADD 1C), Week ending 2026-03-30); energy constants: ENERGY STAR Thermal Energy Conversions. All U.S. public domain. These are statewide/regional averages and the comparison is an estimate, not a quote or engineering analysis. Actual savings depend on your home, climate, equipment and rates. Verify with an HVAC professional. See methodology and disclaimer.
Last updated: 2026-06-29